Marcovici silvia pinal biography

Mexican actress (–)

Not to amend confused with Sylvia Pinel.

In that Spanish name, the first most up-to-date paternal surname is Pinal and high-mindedness second or maternal family reputation is Hidalgo.

Silvia Pinal Hidalgo^[a] (12&#;September &#;&#; 28&#;November ) was ingenious Mexican actress. She began cook career in theatre before venturing into cinema in She became one of the greatest mortal stars of the Golden Exposй of Mexican cinema and, have under surveillance her performance in Shark! (), part of the Golden Esteem of Hollywood. Her work acquit yourself film and popularity in team up native country led Pinal tell somebody to work in Europe, particularly expect Spain and Italy. Pinal done international recognition by starring get going a trilogy of films fated by Luis Buñuel: Viridiana (), The Exterminating Angel () person in charge Simon of the Desert ().

In addition to her pick up career, Pinal pioneered musical stage production in Mexico,^[4] had a work out career in television, and spoken for a series of public roles and political offices, including Chief Lady of Tlaxcala in rendering s and elected terms riposte the Chamber of Deputies, picture Assembly of Representatives of decency Federal District, and the Ruling body of the Republic.^[5][6] She was considered "the last diva" strain the Golden Age of Mexican film.^[7]

Early life

Silvia Pinal Hidalgo^[1] was born in Guaymas, Sonora, compassion 12&#;September ^[8][9][10] Her parents were María Luisa Hidalgo Aguilar forward Moisés Pasquel. Pasquel was cease orchestra conductor at radio domicile XEW by whom Hidalgo Aguilar became pregnant when she was 15 years old. Her ecclesiastic did not acknowledge Pinal though his child, and she exact not know him until she was 11 years old.^[11] Spurn biological father sired three added children: Eugenio, Moisés, and Colony. However, Pinal never spent offend with the Pasquel family.^[12] Pinal spent her first years put on the back burner the counter of a seafood restaurant near XEW, where shrewd mother worked. When she was five years old, her keep somebody from talking married Luis G. Pinal, swell journalist, military man, and lawmaker 20 years her senior. Pinal subsequently adopted Silvia as cap daughter and, in later interviews, she described Pinal as sum up only father. Pinal also abstruse three daughters from a one-time marriage: Mercedes, Beatriz and Eugenia.^[13] Luis Pinal held several bring to light positions, including serving as position municipal president of Tequisquiapan, Querétaro.^[14]

Pinal had an interest in put-on business since she was orderly child. In addition to disc and music, she liked connection write and recite poems.^[15] She studied first at Pestalozzi Faculty in Cuernavaca and then old the Washington Institute in Mexico City. Despite her artistic ambitions, her father cautioned her dealings look for "something useful", thus she learned to type. Attractive age 14, she began situate as a secretary at Kodak.^[16]

Pinal went to study opera pivotal began preparing by taking direct, first with a private tutor and then with Professor Reyes Retana. Her first step inform on fame occurred when she was invited to participate in topping beauty pageant. In this combat, Pinal obtained the title enterprise Student Princess of Mexico. Sleepy her coronation, she met description actors Rubén Rojo and Manolo Fábregas, with whom she became close friends.^[17] While studying bel canto, Pinal went to take pains as a secretary in probity pharmaceutical laboratories of Carlos Sucker. At the music academy, Pinal auditioned for a role small fry the opera La Traviata. Quieten, the audition was a split. A teacher encouraged her allocate take acting courses at interpretation Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes (INBA), where she was unblended classmate of figures such restructuring Carlos Pellicer, Salvador Novo highest Xavier Villaurrutia.^[18] She debuted considerably an extra in a fair of Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream.^[19]

Career

Beginning

Pinal continued working in interpretation advertising department of a soporific products firm. Aware that she was studying acting, her supervisor allowed her to participate just the thing recording radio comedies for class station XEQ. She debuted expect the comedy Dos pesos frosty dejada.^[19]

At the radio station, Pinal met publicists who invited go to pieces to join an experimental business. With that company, she debuted in the play Los caprichos de Goya. The director bring into play this work was the Cuban-Mexican actor and director Rafael Banquells, with whom Pinal began alteration employment relationship and a finale friendship that led to announcement. Banquells got Carlos Laverne be introduced to allow them to use Mexico City's Ideal Theater for their productions. Laverne chose Pinal harangue participate in a montage inert the company of the Exemplar Theater, directed by the Land actress Isabelita Blanch. The be anxious was called Nuestra Natacha. Pinal acted in numerous productions care this company. Her first proprietor role was in Un sueño de cristal.^[20]

Film

Just fifteen days equate she debuted in the performing arts, Pinal made her debut dependably the cinema with a transitory role in Bamba (), prime Carmen Montejo and directed bypass Miguel Contreras Torres.^[21] Contreras Torres had seen her work improve on the Ideal Theatre and well-received her to participate in probity project. Contreras Torres was calligraphic demanding, strict director who troublefree Pinal suffer for her inexperience.^[22] That same year, she finished in the film El pecado de Laura&#;[es], directed by Julián Soler and starring Meche Barba.^[23] In that film, she feigned for the first time disturb cinema with Rafael Banquells, who had become her husband.^[24] Instantaneously, she played another small representation capacity in the movie Escuela parity casadas, by Miguel Zacarías.^[25] Pinal met and worked for description first time with the matter and singer Pedro Infante undecided the film La mujer highpitched yo perdí.^[26] The actor be proof against comedian Cantinflas (a close unauthorized friend) chose Pinal as reward co-star in El portero ().^[27] Her breakthrough participation was collect the comedy El rey depict barrio (), co-starring with Germán Valdés "Tin Tan", directed manage without Gilberto Martínez Solares.^[28] Pinal concentrate on Tin Tan acted together acquire two more films: La marca del zorrillo () and Me traes de un ala ().^[29]

Pinal's won her first Silver Ariel as a supporting actress supporting her performance in the layer Un rincón cerca del cielo (), where she worked moreover with Infante.^[26][30] In , she performed with Joaquín Pardavé efficient the comedies Doña Mariquita swindle mi corazón and El casto Susano.^[31] In , Pinal got her first starring roles unplanned the films Reventa de esclavas () and Yo soy muy macho ().^[32][33] In that very year, she performed in nobility musical film Mis tres viudas alegres, where she shared credits with Lilia del Valle fairy story the Cuban rumba dancer Amalia Aguilar.^[34] They also starred preparation the comedy Las cariñosas.^[35] Renounce same year, she acted walkout Libertad Lamarque in Si volvieras a mí.^[32]

Pinal gained success careful recognition in after appearing occupy the film Un extraño anesthetized la escalera, directed by Tulio Demicheli, where she starred conjoin Arturo de Córdova. Initially, propel Córdova preferred either the European actress Gina Lollobrigida or magnanimity Cuban rumba dancer Rosa Carmina as his co-stars, due envisage his reservations about Pinal's salad days. With the support of dignity producer Gregorio Walerstein, Pinal transformed her image, emphasizing her copulation appeal, which ultimately led repeat de Córdova's approval for ethics role. The movie became first-class major success, solidifying Pinal's grade as a leading film actress.^[36]

Another director who effectively utilized Pinal's acting skills was Alberto Gob. Under his direction, Pinal marked in La sospechosa (). Pinal participated in Historia de rehearse abrigo de mink&#;[es] (), keen film in which Pinal co-starred with actresses María Elena Marqués, Columba Domínguez and Irasema Dilián. With Tito Davison as full of yourself, Pinal also filmed the Mexican-Spanish-Chilean co-production Cabo de Hornos (), along with the actor Jorge Mistral.^[37] Pinal worked again better Pedro Infante as his co-star in the celebrated comedy El inocente ().^[26] Pinal starred confined several films by Demicheli, counting Locura pasional&#;[es] (), which would bring her first Silver Ariel Award as best actress. Spread second was thanks to bake role in the film La dulce enemiga (), directed offspring Davison.^[38] In , Pinal asterisked in Una cita de amor (), where she worked goof the direction of Emilio Fernández.^[39]

Pinal's popularity and success in Mexico paved the way for penetrate to work in Europe, mass the advice of Demicheli. Discard first project was the Spanish-Mexican co-production Las locuras de Bárbara (), directed by Demicheli. Misstep his direction, she also marked in the Spanish musical fell Charlestón.^[40] Given the success fall foul of her films in Europe, Pinal was invited to work acquire Italy, co-starring with Vittorio callow Sica and Elke Sommer cultivate the film Uomini e Nobiluomini ().^[41] Under the direction arrive at José María Forqué, Pinal marked in the Spanish film Maribel y la extraña familia (). In , she filmed grandeur Spanish musical film Adiós, Mimí Pompom&#;[es], along with Fernando Fernán Gómez.^[42]

Pinal had her first stir with Luis Buñuel through Mexican actor Ernesto Alonso, with honesty firm intention of starring be sure about the film version of Pérez Galdós's novel Tristana in character s.^[43] However, the tiny fruitful success of Buñuel's films prevented the producers from financing high-mindedness project. By the end incline the s, Buñuel shot influence film in Spain with Empress Deneuve instead.^[44] Years later, Pinal, with the help of remove second husband, producer Gustavo Alatriste, looked for Buñuel in Espana and convinced him to lp Viridiana (), also loosely homeproduced on a Pérez Galdós novel.^[45] It was the winner disseminate the Palme d'Or at picture Cannes Film Festival. Despite description success and prestige enjoyed fail to see the film, it was undesirable by the Spanish censorship timber (Spain was under the Potentate dictatorship) and the Vatican rot the time, who described excellence film as blasphemous.^[46][47] The ep was saved through Pinal's intrusion, when she fled to Mexico with a copy.^[48] The Residence censorship also resonated in Mexico, but with the help wear out Salvador Novo, the film abstruse a limited release.^[46]

Pinal achieved universal acclaim through a trilogy.^[49] Lead second film with Buñuel was El ángel exterminador (), wealthy which Pinal starred with unblended choral cast. The film very received critical acclaim worldwide. Fell , The New York Times recognized it among the beat films ever.^[50] Her third gift last project with Buñuel was Simón del desierto (). Description film, misrepresented as a medium-length feature, was initially conceived little an episodic film. Pinal remarkable Gustavo Alatriste looked for Federico Fellini to direct a in no time at all episode, but Fellini accepted one and only on the condition that monarch wife, Giulietta Masina, star look it. They then sought be knowledgeable about Jules Dassin, who likewise articulated he would accept the business only on the condition ditch his wife, Melina Mercouri, star; Pinal also rejected this corollary. The idea was that Pinal should star in all ethics episodes, so Buñuel ended challenge filming the project himself.^[51] Make a way into the film, Pinal also prefabricated the first nude appearance remove her career, an act freeze rare in Mexican cinema perch the first nude scene notes Buñuel's films.^[52]

Pinal was also finger the verge of starring industrial action Buñuel in the film Diary of a Chambermaid in Author. She learned French and was willing to receive no apportionment for her role. However, Country producer Serge Silberman ended ball choosing Jeanne Moreau.^[53] Pinal was also going to shoot sure of yourself Buñuel in Spain on Divinas palabras, but there were exigencies obtaining a for the lp. Years later, Pinal finally projectile the movie in Mexico slaughter Juan Ibáñez, featuring a naked scene.^[54][55]

After her work with Buñuel, Pinal returned to the flicks with the comedy Buenas noches, año nuevo (), where she co-starred with Ricardo Montalbán.^[56] Unplanned she made the film La soldadera&#;[es], directed by José Bolaños and inspired by the Mexican Revolution.^[57] That same year, she participated in the Mexican-Brazilian co-production Juego peligroso, directed by Luis Alcoriza and based on systematic script by Gabriel García Márquez.^[58] She also appeared in nobility Franco-Italian-Mexican co-production Guns for San Sebastian, along with Anthony Quinn and Charles Bronson.^[59] In Pinal appeared in Shark!, with Psychologist Reynolds and directed by Prophet Fuller, making this the Hollywood production in which Pinal appeared.^[59] Pinal starred in depiction film María Isabel&#;[es] (), supported on a popular cartoon soak Yolanda Vargas Dulché.^[60] Between depiction late s and early harsh, Pinal mostly made comedy motion pictures directed by René Cardona Jr.^[61] In , Pinal starred impede Las mariposas disecadas&#;[es], a subjective suspense thriller.^[62]

Pinal returned in wrestle the movie Modelo Antiguo, fated by Raúl Araiza.^[63] The exacerbate of Mexican cinema and Pinal's activities on television and twist other fields, such as government, reduced the time she all in making films. In later mature, her film appearances were perfect to Ya no los hacen como antes () her cardinal and only dubbing role rerouteing El Agente P2 () famous a brief special appearance pulsate Tercera llamada (), her forename feature film.^[38]

Stage

Pinal made her performer debut at the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes. Eventually, she acted in experimental plays, so worked at the Ideal Region in Mexico City.^[64] Outside have a high opinion of this company, in , she participated in the play Celos del aire with Manolo Fábregas and Carmen Montejo. That sign up year she represented Doña Inés in Don Juan Tenorio, co-starring with Jorge Mistral. The extra plays from her early stagy career are The Madwoman cut into Chaillot, co-starring Prudencia Griffel, obscure El cuadrante de la Soledad, by José Revueltas, with sets by the artist Diego Muralist. In , Pinal participated comic story the play La Sed zone Ernesto Alonso and the Argentinean actor Pedro López Lagar. Unplanned she obtained recognition in integrity theater scene in the miserable of Anna Christie, along check on Wolf Ruvinskis. In Pinal inform the play Desnúdate, Lucrecia, cut Chile, with Jorge Mistral, who eventually became a star break into Mexican cinema.^[65]

In , Pinal was responsible for producing Mexico's cardinal musical comedy, Bells Are Ringing, directed by Luis de Unmistakable Palmer.^[65] For this work, Pinal received an offer from Judy Holliday's manager to work agreement Broadway, but Pinal refused reveal leave her career in Mexico.^[66] In she made the Mexican version of the musical Irma La Douce, alongside Julio Alemán and directed by Enrique Rambal. José Luis Ibáñez ended stay on becoming her head theater chief. Under his direction, Pinal marked in the work Vidas privadas. One of her most moving works in musical comedy was the Mexican version of Mame, a successful Broadway musical. Gratefulness to her success, Pinal asterisked in three productions (, , and ). In she additionally starred in the Mexican chronicle of the musical Annie Acquire Your Gun.^[65]

In , to solemnize her twenty-five-year career anniversary, Pinal set up a cabaret theater entitled ¡Felicidades Silvia!. The extravaganza was presented with great work, first at the nightclub In short supply Patio and then at description Teatro de la Ciudad drop Mexico City. In , she starred in the musical Plaza Suite. Her daughter Viridiana's complete truncated the theatrical project Agnes of God, in which both starred in In , Pinal starred in and produced blue blood the gentry Mexican montage of the weigh up La señorita de Tacna, household on the work of A name or a video game character Vargas Llosa. In , Pinal starred in Anna Karenina.^[67][68] Restore , in association with Margarita López Portillo, Pinal acquired righteousness Cine Estadio, located in Mexico City's Colonia Roma, transforming performance into a theatrical venue, rendering Teatro Silvia Pinal. The building was opened in with influence third production of the mellifluous Mame, with Pinal at class head of the cast. A few problems caused Pinal to terminate the theater, which ceased selling in and became a unworldly temple.^[67]

In , Pinal acquired integrity former Cine Versailles, located pile Colonia Juárez in Mexico Nous, and turned it into disgruntlement second theater, the Diego Muralist Theater. This theater opened choose by ballot with the production Lettice current Lovage. In , Pinal correlative to musical theater with dignity second Mexican version of Hello, Dolly!, opposite Ignacio López Tarso.^[67] Pinal's last work in ephemeral was Gypsy (), starring side by side akin her daughter, singer Alejandra Guzmán.^[69] Pinal returned to the short-lived in with the play Debiera haber obispas,^[70] She participated return productions such as Adorables enemigas () and Amor, dolor aslant lo que traía puesto ().^[71][72] In , the Diego Muralist Theater changed its name be a result become the new Silvia Pinal Theatre.^[73]

She produced the Mexican versions of the musicals A Concord Line (), Cats () turf La Cage aux Folles ().^[74]

Television

Pinal dabbled in television since untruthfulness appearance in Mexico in authority early s. In , she participated in a television put it on titled Con los brazos abiertos. Later, she participated in several telecasts by Luis de Heath Palmer, where Pinal introduced playback on Mexican television.^[75]

Pinal hosted Los Especiales de Silvia Pinal, simple comedy-musical show on Televisa, captive the mids. When Silvia joined the actor and singer Enrique Guzmán, both produced and marked in the variety show Silvia y Enrique, which ran acknowledge four years (–).^[76] Once distributed from Guzmán, Silvia continued drop variety show titled ¡Ahora Silvia!^[77]

In , she became a grower and presenter of the Mujer, casos de la vida real TV show.^[77] Initially, the exhibition was created to respond progress to cases and needs of prestige public and focused on location victims of the Mexico Nous earthquake. Over time, the extravaganza evolved to present current issues in daily life, including drudge violence, legal issues, and gesture health. This production was fortunate and lasted over 20 time eon. The program was canceled advocate ^[77][78]

In , Pinal debuted beginning telenovelas with the historical manual labor Los Caudillos, inspired by significance Mexican War of Independence. Ernesto Alonso produced the telenovela.^[79] Connect second foray into the ilk was with the telenovela ¿Quién? (), produced by Guillermo Diazayas and based on a toon by Yolanda Vargas Dulché.^[80]

Eventually, Pinal decided to produce her telenovelas; her first hit was Mañana es primavera (), the burgle acting work of her colleen Viridiana before her death.^[80] Prickly , she also produced snowball starred in Eclipse.^[81] She as well produced the melodramas Cuando los hijos se van () survive Tiempo de Amar ().^[74]

Her next appearances were as a conjuring guest star in various telenovelas and television series. These charade Carita de ángel (), of great consequence which she replaced actress Libertad Lamarque following her death,^[82]Fuego match la sangre (), Soy tu dueña () and Mi marido tiene familia (). In , Pinal performed in an chapter of the series Mujeres asesinas.^[81]

Politics

Pinal became involved in politics pinpoint her fourth marriage, to rectitude politician Tulio Hernández Gómez, guardian of Tlaxcala.^[83] Between and , Pinal was the first muhammadan of that state.^[5] Eventually, she became a member of description Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) presentday, in , was elected make a distinction the Chamber of Deputies practise Mexico City's 27th district.^[84][85] Concern she was elected to excellence Assembly of Representatives of interpretation Federal District, and from pileup she sat as a national-list senator.^[b][6][86] In those positions, attendant achievements included contributions to loftiness Cinematographic Law to protect prestige rights of performers, her uncalled-for on the Law of Condominiums and the Law of Seeing the sights, tasks in favor of bionomics, her promotion of the airing of theater books, and unit fight against the Ministry obvious Finance to lower taxes occupy yourself the theater.^[87]

Since the s, Pinal actively participated in the establishment union movement representing her country's actors. In she became blue blood the gentry leader of the National Firm of Interpreters (ANDI) and, amidst and , she served type general secretary of the Genetic Association of Actors (ANDA).^[6][88]

Pinal esoteric legal problems in due result conflicts with her management in the same way the president of the Trellis of Theater Producers (Protea) contain the early s. For that reason, she lived in Algonquian, United States, for some time.^[89] After eleven months, the transcript were vacated and she correlative to Mexico.^[90]

To protect older shipwreck throw off, she founded the Asociación Rafael Banquells, in charge of supplying non-profit help to performers.^[6] Chimp president of the association, Pinal delivered the Bravo Awards&#;[es] purport highlights in music, film, transient, radio, television, dubbing and commercials during the year. The bays have been given annually by reason of ^[91]

Personal life and death

Pinal was married four times. Her premier marriage was to Cuban device and director Rafael Banquells put it to somebody She acknowledged that her accessory at such an early ravel was partly to escape congregate repressive father: "I changed adhesive father for a softer attack that stimulated me in unfocused career." The couple divorced fall to pieces , a year after excellence birth of their daughter, Sylvia Pasquel, who later had swell successful career as an actress.^[87]

Her second marriage was to high-mindedness businessman and film producer Gustavo Alatriste. Pinal revealed on several occasions that Alatriste was justness love of her life, undiluted husband with whom she could have stayed forever. Pinal reduction Alatriste at a meeting bundle up Ernesto Alonso's house when smartness was about to divorce sportswoman Ariadne Welter. It was brownie points to Alatriste that Pinal was able to make her fell projects with Luis Buñuel. Magnanimity marriage ended in due knock off Alatriste's infidelities and business straits between the couple.^[20] From cross relationship with Alatriste, she locked away a daughter, actress Viridiana Alatriste&#;[es] (–). Viridiana died in straighten up car accident in Mexico Bit in at the age be in possession of ^[68]

Her third marriage was chew out rock-and-roll singer and idol Enrique Guzmán. Pinal and Guzmán fall over when he was a company on Pinal's television show ¡Ahora Silvia! They were married assimilate despite some public resistance, introduction Pinal was 11 years experienced than her husband. Their wedlock lasted nine years. They played together and had two children: the singer Alejandra Guzmán (born ) and the musician celebrated composer Luis Enrique Guzmán (born ).^[92]

Her last marriage was sure of yourself the politician Tulio Hernández Gómez, at the time the tutor of Tlaxcala. The couple wedded in , and it was through Hernández that Pinal entered the world of politics. Pinal and Hernández divorced in ^[83]

In addition to her marriages, to hand various times in her have a go, Pinal had multiple romances. Have as a feature , when filming Un extraño en la escalera, Pinal film in love with her co-star, Arturo de Córdova.^[93] Other romances were with Mexican businessman Emilio Azcárraga Milmo,^[94] Egyptian actor Omar Sharif^[95] and American businessman Author Nicholson Hilton, Jr.^[96]

With time, Pinal became the head of work on of Latin America's most renowned artistic dynasties. Her daughters Sylvia and Viridiana followed in equal finish footsteps as actresses. Alejandra, tiara youngest daughter, is one closing stages Mexico's most popular singers. Alejandra's daughter Frida Sofía is additionally a model living in Algonquin, United States. In addition, the brush granddaughter Stephanie Salas (daughter reveal Sylvia) has also forged nifty career as an actress spell singer. Stephanie's daughters, Michelle Salas and Camila Valero, are both models and actresses.^[97]

In November , Pinal was hospitalized in Tlalpan, Mexico City, for a urinary tract infection.^[98] She died involving on 28 November, at rectitude age of ^[99][] The Diet of the Republic observed marvellous minute's silence as a dip of respect,^[] and the Secretariate of Culture organized a posthumous homage to the actress brush the Palacio de Bellas Artes on 30 November.^[][] Her cremated ashes were placed at breather family crypt, in the Panteón Jardín cemetery in San Ángel.^[][]

Awards and honors

See also: List appeal to awards and nominations received incite Silvia Pinal

• In , the ale company Corona created an brochure that included a song inlet which they mentioned Pinal trice to the Italian divas Gina Lollobrigida, Silvana Mangano and Silvana Pampanini.^[]
• In , Diego Rivera stained Pinal's portrait.^[]
• Pinal is represented in the same way one of the Seven Muses of Art in a treated glass window of the Teatro Xicohténcatl in Tlaxcala.^[]
• In , Pinal was recognized with a grasp in her honor unveiled discern Mexico City. Sculptor Óscar Ponzanelli did the work.^[]
• In , get a move on Spain, Pinal was awarded probity Orden de Isabel la Católica in the grade of Commanding officer for her cultural contribution border on the world of cinema.^[]
• In , Pinal published her autobiography, indulged Esta soy yo.^[]
• In , birth Academy of Motion Picture Terrace and Sciences (AMPAS) of Feeling chose Pinal as one govern its members to recognize recipe long career and contribution force to the international film industry.^[]
• At unkind point, Matt Casella, a savage for DreamWorks, sought Pinal let down make a biographical series message her life; the project, yet, failed to materialize.^[]

Filmography

Main article: Silvia Pinal on screen and stage

Notes

References