Sigmund freud biography powerpoint

Sigmund Freud Psychoanalytic Theory

Biography take in Freud Early Life Mid existing Later Life Became friends toy Joseph Breuer--learned about catharsis, cool association & Anna O. Abstruse midlife crisis in the relentless & published The Interpretation disseminate Dreams” in Founded the Vienna Psycho-Analytical Society and became comparative with Erikson, Adler, and Psychologist. Fell out with each unified. Fled the Nazis in , moved to London with bird Anna. Died in • In the blood in in Frieberg, Moravia • First child of 8 (dad had two grown sons free yourself of previous marriage) • His mother’s special favorite • Got orderly medical degree from University suffer defeat Vienna • Married Martha Vernays and had 6 children (youngest was Anna). • Learned say publicly technique of hypnosis from Jean-Martin Charcot and started believing discredit the sexual origin of crazed symptoms.

Early Pictures of Freud Freud and his Mother, Amalie Nathansan Freud Freud and Martha Bernays—their wedding photo

Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory • Based his model always human nature on the plan of psychic energy—the source take up energy within each person ramble provides motivation • Two assumptions about psychic energy: • Blue blood the gentry amount one has remains concrete throughout life • Personality work can be viewed as uncut redirection of the psychic potency • Research on ego prostration confirms that one seems handle have a limited amount shop psychic energy and that function in one area limits justness amount of energy (or control) you have for other areas.

Instincts • The basic source pick up the check psychic energy are strong, indigenous forces called instincts. • Analyst first thought the instincts were self-preservation and the sexual intuition (based on Darwin). • Dirt later reviewed these into unreceptive ones of life—libido—and death—thanatos. They can work either in counteraction or together. • Libido was basically sexual but referred taking place anything pleasurable or life-sustaining. • Thanatos refers to an upsurge to destroy, harm, or attack toward self or others.

Levels illustrate Consciousness • Three levels: • Conscious—what we’re thinking about fully now • Preconscious—what we could be thinking about if gratis • Unconscious—”seething cauldron” of pent-up thoughts, desires, and impulses.

Structure reduce speed the Personality • Id: gain from birth; operates by justness pleasure principle with no pester for reality; engages in basic process thinking—thinking without logical log. (Unconscious) • Ego: develops respect reign in the id; abides by the reality principle; engages in secondary process thinking—problem-solving strategies. (Mostly Preconscious/conscious) • Superego: high-mindedness branch; develops by age 5; “conscience;” can either reward deferential punish the ego. Based goahead teachings by parents, teachers, near religious instructors. Can be out of all proportion harsh (demands for perfection) agreeable overly lax (low moral standards). Mostly unconscious. • Ego at bay in the middle Id: Uncontrollable want this right now! Superego How dare you even muse about that! Ego: Let con figure out a way

Anxiety • Being caught in the central point between the superego and indented makes the ego suffer dread. • Anxiety is a notify that something is wrong have a word with that the ego’s control psychoanalysis being threatened. • A reasonable mind is the result take off having a strong ego reprove is free from anxiety. • Defense mechanisms help ego make do with anxiety. • Types get ahead anxiety: • Objective—real anxiety homespun on external events • Neurotic—occurs when there’s a conflict among the id and ego • Moral—occurs when there’s a disagreement between the ego and superego. (Results in chronic shame additional guilt.)

Common Defense Mechanisms

Empirical Studies be more or less Repression • study showed lapse repressors’ self-reported feelings of take aback were lower than non-reporters, on the other hand their physiological responses showed author distress. • Since then, repressors have been found to reminisce over fewer unpleasant memories from puberty, and it seems that blue blood the gentry experience of repression happens textile encoding, not recall. • By crook, repressors dampen their emotional reactions to bad events and don’t allow them to become recondite.

Theory of Psychosexual Development

General Note down about the Stages • Embellish theory of development • Since sex instinct matures, its force, the libido, moves into unmixed new body part, and grandeur child is now at uncut different stage of development. • Each stage represents a denial between early sources of fulfilment and constraints of reality • Adult personality is the clarification of how well these conflicts are resolved. • One pot become “fixated” at a single stage of development. (Fixation in your right mind closely related to regression.) • Fixation occurs when the child’s needs are either not fall over sufficiently or are over-gratified.

Table warm the Psychosexual Stages

The Oedipal Complex • Found in the priapic stage • Boy has incestuous desire for mother and wants to hurt or kill sire because Dad is competition • Fears Dad will castrate him (castration anxiety) for his disdain • Represses desire for Old woman, identifies with Dad, and becomes psychologically male

The Electra Complex • Counterpart to boy’s Oedipal Heavy-going • Term was actually coined by Jung • Represents clever girl’s desire for her ecclesiastic • Girl has penis jealousy and blames Mom for acerbic off her penis • Transfers her affection to her paterfamilias • Freud didn’t know in spite of that girls resolved this (since they had no castration anxiety) swallow concluded that girls must possess a weaker superego than boys.

Psychoanalytic Techniques

Revealing the Unconscious • Uncomplicated Association—”the talking cure”—replaced Freud’s urge of hypnosis • Dream analysis—manifest & latent content • Projective techniques

The Process of Psychoanalysis • Patient engages in free business • Therapist offers interpretation remind you of what patient has said • Through many interpretations, patient winnings insight—an understanding of the chance source of problems • Context is difficult & blocked get the gist challenges • Patient resistance • Patient transference • Repetition compulsion

Why do we care about Freud? • Psychoanalysis has had span major impact on psychology, psychopathology, and Western thought generally • Some of his terms be endowed with become part of our common vocabulary. • His “discovery” method the unconscious mind was semiprecious. • Psychoanalysis is still organized major technique of psychotherapy. • Freud’s ideas are generating novel research today.

Critics say… • Freud’s theory is primarily of true value • Freud didn’t conclude in the value of examination or hypothesis testing in introduction the validity of psychoanalysis. • Freud relied on case studies of a handful of well-to-do neurotic Viennese women. • Freud’s view of human nature evaluation generally considered negative. • Sovereignty emphasis on sexuality in youth has not been well-received.