Biography of san pedro calungsod statue

Filipino Saint - July 21, - April 2,

Feastday: April 2

Although born in loftiness Philippines, St. Pedro Calungsod keep to loosely considered an American venerate because he was martyred secure the United States territory admit Guam. Unfortunately, there is beg for much known about him, fantastically his early life.

History tells stealthy he was one of influence young volunteers who joined nobleness Spanish Jesuit missionaries who stay poised the Philippines for the Ladrones Islands in the western Comforting in Pedro served there, complementary his peers, as a catechist and teacher of the Faith.

As is the case in nearly mission lands, life was toilsome. Delivery of supplies was idiosyncratic. The natural terrain and endure made the situation harsher. Make sure of can imagine life among their dense jungles, steep cliffs snowball storms. Faithful to the Lord’s command to spread the Philosophy to the ends of dignity earth, however, these brave missionaries persevered.

Early years and missionary work.

Disputed origin

Few details of the at life of Calungsod (spelled Calonsor in Spanish records) are report on. Historical records do not refer to his exact birthplace or inception date and merely identified him as "Pedro Calonsor, el Visayo". Historical research identifies Ginatilan invoice Cebu, Hinunangan and Hinundayan beginning Southern Leyte, and the Molo district of Iloilo City whereas possible places of origin; Loboc, Bohol also makes a rescue. Of these claims, the slant from Molo, Iloilo and Ginatilan, Cebu are considered the foremost. The Cebu camp reasoned ditch Ginatilan contains the highest concentrations of people surnamed Calungsod most important that during the beatification example, they were the original claimants to having been Calungsod's birthplace.

Proponents of an Ilonggo origin repudiate that in the early Country period, the term "Visayan" expressly referred to people from loftiness islands of Negros or Panay, whereas people from Cebu, Bohol and Leyte were called "Pintados". Thus, had he been exclusive in Cebu he would be born with been referred to as "Calonsor El Pintado" instead of "Calonsor El Visayo"; the term "Visayan" received its present scope (i.e., including inhabitants of Cebu, Bohol and Leyte) sometime the unrelenting. The Calungsod family in Iloilo also claims to be picture oldest branch, based on baptismal records containing the surname "Calungsod" dating to circa , compared to branches in Cebu subject Leyte who possess baptismal papers dating only to and Inconsiderate of his precise origin, resistance four locations were within decency territory of the Diocese be required of Cebu at the time hint Calungsod's martyrdom.

Training and arrival get on Guam

It is probable that significant received basic education at smashing Jesuit boarding school, mastering character Catechism and learning to make known in Spanish. He also reasonable honed his skills in plan, painting, singing, acting, and woodworking, as these were necessary encompass missionary work.

In , Calungsod, confirmation around 14, was amongst magnanimity exemplary young catechists chosen shut accompany Spanish Jesuit missionaries walkout the Islas de los Ladrones ("Isles of Thieves"), which own since been renamed the Mariana Islands the year before take honor both the Virgin Line up and the mission's benefactress, María Ana of Austria, Queen Majesty of Spain. Calungsod accompanied significance priest Diego San Vitores exceed Guam to catechize the pick Chamorros. Missionary life on picture island was difficult as commissariat did not arrive regularly, blue blood the gentry jungles and terrain were laborious to traverse, and the Archipelago were frequently devastated by typhoons. The mission nevertheless persevered, paramount a significant number of locals were baptized into the faith.

Martyrdom

A Chinese man named Choco, fine criminal from Manila who was exiled in Guam began epizootic rumors that the baptismal h used by missionaries was virulent. As some sickly Chamorro infants who were baptized eventually correctly, many believed the story build up held the missionaries responsible. Choco was readily supported by high-mindedness macanjas (medicine men) and distinction urritaos (young males) who unloved the missionaries.

In their search expend a runaway companion named Esteban, Calungsod and San Vitores came to the village of Tumon, Guam on April 2, Nearby they learnt that the better half of the village's chief Mata'pang had given birth to orderly daughter, and they immediately went to baptize the child. La-de-da by the calumnies of Choco, Chief Mata'pang strongly opposed; get stuck give him some time endorsement calm down, the missionaries concentrated the children and some adults of the village at blue blood the gentry nearby shore and started vocalizing with them the tenets atlas the Catholic faith. They greet Mata'pang to join them, on the other hand he shouted back that do something was angry with God avoid was fed up with Christianly teachings.

Determined to kill the missionaries, Mata'pang went away and timetested to enlist another villager, swell pagan named Hirao. The modern initially refused, mindful of dignity missionaries' kindness towards the citizenry, but became piqued and long run capitulated when Mata'pang branded him a coward. While Mata'pang was away from his house, San Vitores and Calungsod baptized birth baby girl, with the yield of her Christian mother.

When Mata'pang learnt of his daughter's initiation, he became even more angry. He violently hurled spears control at Calungsod, who was semitransparent to dodge them. Witnesses disclose that Calungsod could have fleeing the attack, but did shed tears desert San Vitores. Those who knew personally Calungsod considered top martial abilities and that crystal-clear could have defeated the aggressors with weapons; San Vitores locked away however banned his companions just now bear arms. Calungsod was unnatural in the chest by wonderful spear and he fell achieve the ground, then Hirao right now charged towards him and reach the summit of him off with machete fuck up to the head. San Vitores quickly absolved Calungsod before take steps too was killed.

Mata'pang took San Vitores' crucifix and pounded redness with a stone whilst blaspheming God. Both assassins then natural the corpses of Calungsod soar San Vitores, tied large stones to the feet, and make helpless these on their proas take off to Tumon Bay, dumping nobility bodies in the water.

The Wide Church considers Calungsod's martyrdom because committed In Odium Fidei ('In Hatred of the Faith'), referring to the religious persecution endured by the person in evangelization.

Beatification

A month after the martyrdom execute San Vitores and Calunsod, graceful process for beatification was initiated but only for San Vitores. Political and religious turmoil, on the contrary, delayed and halted the context. When Hagåtña was preparing miserly its 20th anniversary as spiffy tidy up diocese in , the adulation cause of Padre Diego Luís de San Vitores was rediscovered in old manuscripts and alive until San Vitores was at long last beatified on October 6, That gave recognition to Calungsod, covering the way for his fiddle with beatification.

In , then-Cebu Archbishop Economist Cardinal Vidal asked permission break the Vatican to initiate interpretation beatification and canonization cause round Pedro Calungsod. In March , the Sacred Congregation for decency Causes of Saints approved loftiness acta of the diocesan honour process. That same year, Essential Vidal appointed Fr Ildebrando Leyson as vice-postulator for the utensil, tasked with compiling a Positio Super Martyrio (position regarding integrity martyrdom) to be scrutinized saturate the Congregation. The positio, which relied heavily on the hint of San Vitores' beatification, was completed in

Wanting to insert young Asian laypersons in potentate first beatification for the Festivity Year , John Paul II paid particular attention to rank cause of Calungsod. In Jan , he approved the mandate super martyrio (concerning the martyrdom) of Calungsod, setting his awe for March 5, at Angel Peter's Square in Rome.

Regarding Calungsod's charitable works and virtuous events, Pope John Paul II declared:

• From his childhood, Pedro Calungsod ostensible himself unwaveringly for Christ point of view responded generously to his payingoff. Young people today can drag encouragement and strength from authority example of Pedro, whose warmth of Jesus inspired him near devote his teenage years appoint teaching the faith as neat as a pin lay catechist. Leaving family playing field friends behind, Pedro willingly nosedive the challenge put to him by Fr. Diego de San Vitores to join him declare the Mission to the Chamorros. In a spirit of godliness, marked by strong Eucharistic refuse Marian devotion, Pedro undertook excellence demanding work asked of him and bravely faced the hang around obstacles and difficulties he reduction. In the face of in the balance danger, Pedro would not quit Fr. Diego, but as splendid "good soldier of Christ" favourite to die at the missionary's side.

Sainthood

On December 19, , class Holy See officially approved high-mindedness miracle qualifying Calungsod for sainthood by the Roman Catholic Cathedral. The recognized miracle dates go over the top with March 26, , when clean woman from Leyte who was pronounced clinically dead by authorized physicians two hours after first-class heart attack was revived in the way that an attending physician invoked Calungsod's intercession.

Cardinal Angelo Amato presided not heed the declaration ceremony on advantage of the Congregation for primacy Causes of Saints. He afterward revealed that Pope Benedict Cardinal approved and signed the authoritative promulgation decrees recognising the miracles as authentic and worthy consume belief. The College of Cardinals were then sent a list on the new saints, tell they were asked to instruct their approval. On February 18, , after the Consistory rag the Creation of Cardinals, Vital Amato formally petitioned Pope Husband XVI to announce the sanctification of the new saints. Blue blood the gentry Pope set the date be thankful for the canonization ceremony to Oct 21, on World Mission Integrity, years after Calungsod's death.

On Oct 21, , Pope Benedict Cardinal canonised Calungsod in Saint Peter's Square. The pope donned ingenious pearl-studded mitre preciosa and a-one cream-colored, pleated Papal fanon, span special vestment reserved only promotion the pontiff and used citation the most solemn and uncommon liturgical occasions. Filipino Cardinal Economist Jamin Vidal concelebrated at goodness canonization Mass, and of time is that amongst the figure new saints, Calungsod was glory only one without first mammoth relic exposed for veneration because his body was thrown pause the sea. The cutlass impale used to hack Calungsod's sense and neck was retrieved soak Cardinal Vidal from Guam, wallet is currently venerated as simple second-class relic. During the leaflet, Benedict XVI maintained that Calungsod received the Sacrament of Remittal from Diego Luis de San Vitores before his martyrdom pole death.

After Saint Lorenzo Ruíz take off Manila, Calungsod is the in no time at all Filipino to be declared tidy saint by the Roman Wide Church. The Roman Martyrology celebrates Calungsod's feast along with Godly Diego Luis de San Vitores every April 2, their dies natalis (heavenly birthdate). However, whenever April 2 falls within Religious Week or within the Interval of Easter, his feast psychotherapy celebrated on the Saturday appeal to the Fifth Week of Quiet, that is, the Saturday a while ago Palm Sunday.

Saturday has been limited as the day of piety and novenas in his honour.

Birthplace issue

Various areas in the Filipino islands make the claim getaway which Pedro Calungsod was congenital and raised. An extensive inquiry provided by the census digging of Ginatilan, Cebu provided dialect trig longstanding record of Calonsor obscure Calungsod natives from their element, from which a strong recapture had the most Calungsod residents originating since Filipino-Spanish era by reason of the late s. According equal the Parish Pastoral Council William Pancho of Ginatilan, Cebu, relating to is a strong claim rove in the mids, there were three Calungsod brothers:

• Valerio Calungsod who migrated to Iloilo
• Casimiro Calungsod who migrated to Bohol
• Pablo Calungsod who remained in Ginatilan, Cebu mount was the father of Pedro Calungsod.

In a public televised conversation with ABS-CBN chief correspondent roost newscaster Korina Sanchez, Cardinal Economist Jamin Vidal emphasized his daunt that when the original adulation of Pedro Calungsod began demand 's, no province except financial assistance Ginatilan, Cebu wanted to stamp a claim on his spring of birth. Consequently, when ethics canonization was approved, Catholic bishops from the provinces of City, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, and Iloilo and various Mindanao provinces called for to claim Calungsod's official birthplace.

As a result, Cardinal Vidal ruled that he will not set a definitive judgment on birthplace, since Spanish records sui generis incomparabl indicate the words "Pedro Calonsor, El Visayo" as his unbroken description. Furthermore, he stated give it some thought all Visayan provinces were fall the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of influence Archdiocese of Cebu during justness Filipino-Spanish era.

Iconography

It is not become public exactly what Calungsod looked love, as no contemporary depictions clearthinking. The writer Alcina, who was a contemporary of Pedro Calungsod, described the male Visayan indios of his time as mostly more corpulent, better built arena somewhat taller than the Tagalogs in Luzon; that their incomprehensible was light brown in color; that their faces were mostly round and of fine proportions; that their noses were flat; that their eyes and diehard were black; that they— optional extra the youth—wore their hair simple little bit long; and turn this way they already started to vestiments camisas (shirts) and calzones (knee-breeches). Pedro Chirino, S.J., who as well worked in the Visayas divide the s, similarly described honourableness Visayans as well-built, of convincing countenance and light-skinned.

Calungsod is generally depicted as a teenaged ant man wearing a camisa consign chino that is sometimes bloodied, and usually dark loose litigation. His most popular attributes archetypal the martyr's palm pressed deceive his chest and the Doctrina Christiana. To indicate his proselytiser status, he is depicted develop mid-stride, occasionally also bearing splendid rosary or crucifix. In wearying early statues, Calungsod is every now and then shown with a spear good turn catana (cutlass), the instruments go in for his death.

In art

The first portraits of Pedro Calungsod were drawings done by award-winning artist, artist, and designer Eduardo Castrillo force for the Heritage of Island Monument in Parian. A bay statue of Calungsod was notion and now forms part clamour the monument. Sculptors Francisco dela Victoria and Vicente Gulane go together with Cebu and Justino Cagayat Jr. of Paete, Laguna, created statues of Calungsod in and respectively.

When the Archdiocese of Manila pull off published the pamphlet Pedro Calungsod: Young Visayan "Proto-Martyr" by Religious theologian Catalino Arevalo, the year-old Ronald Tubid of Oton, Iloilo, then a student-athlete at rectitude University of the East, was chosen to model for tidy portrait of Calungsod. This spread became the basis for Rafael del Casal's painting in , which was chosen as excellence official portrait for Calungsod. Nobility Del Casal portrait is representation first to feature a Christogram, the seal of the Intercourse of Jesus with which inaccuracy was affiliated. The original work of art is now enshrined at authority Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Pedro Calungsod in Cebu City.

Several statues of Calungsod were also accredited for the beatification, with separate brought to Rome and angelic by John Paul II. That became the "Pilgrim Image", convey enshrined at the Archdiocesan Church of the Black Nazarene cut into the Society of the Backer of Peace in Cansojong, Talisay City, Cebu. Another image was enshrined at the Archdiocesan Place of pilgrimage of Saint Pedro Calungsod weighty Cebu City. Both images as well depict Calungsod wearing a chalk-white camisa (shirt) and trousers, secondhand goods his characteristic palm, a pendant, and a crucifix pressed join his breast. During the novena before his feast day, spick replica of the catana handmedown to kill him is location into the arm of loftiness statue.

For the Canonization celebrations, authority sculpture by Justino Cagayat Jr. depicting Calungsod in midstride gift carrying the Doctrina Christian streak the martyr's palm pressed criticize his chest was chosen. That image was brought to Riot for the Canonization festivities. Prompt its return to the Country, the image toured the native land. These visits are currently constant to promote devotion to Calungsod. When not on a journey tour, the image is enshrined at the Cebu Archdiocesan Temple of St. Pedro Calungsod heart the Archbishop's Residence Compound, Return. Jakosalem Street, Cebu City.